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Publisher's Note: In this sweeping study of the organization of time, Dohrn-van Rossum offers fresh insight into the history of the mechanical clock and its effects on European society from the late Middle Ages to the industrial revolution. 'History of the Hour' presents the first sustained and reliable treatment of how mechanical clocks functioned in cities and dispels many myths associated with the clock's history. For example, Dohrn-van Rossum argues that in their race to display the grandest clocks, monarchs and princes were more responsible than merchants for introducing clocks into urban environments. This work also questions what is known regarding the clock's invention, including the role of the hour-glass, the arrival of the mechanical clock before scientific rationality, and the obscure history of the escapement, the clock's regulating mechanism. Detailing the clock's effects on social activity, this work presents a vivid picture of a society regulated by the precise measurements of identical hours. From setting time limits on tortures to creating intricate schedules for town councils, schools, and religious services, the clock has affected virtually all aspects of society. Restructuring long-distance communication also became vital to modernization as the postal service began measuring its performance with unprecedented accuracy. In showing that the organization of time was not shaped by any single act or group of people, this definitive work reveals the complexity of early modern society and the clock's pervasive influence over an entire culture.